Curr Biol：分散注意力可有效缓解病症

近日，刊登在国际间闻名新闻周刊Cell的子刊Current Biology上的一篇研究课题计划指出，利用心理不良影响（分心）的方法可以使得呕吐缓解，然而这种呕吐大大降低缓解的畸变并不发挥在腿部。这项研究课题发现是基于运用于三维的骨髓机能性核磁共振显像新科技（fMRI新科技），对人们由于加热引发的呕吐水平顺利进行研究课题，研究课题揭示，心理不良影响确实可以在行政机构呕吐处理早期减缓呕吐频谱的传入。来自汉堡-埃彭维克大学医学院的学者Christian Sprenger回应，这种现象并不仅仅是一种心理现象，而是一种活跃的神经系统机制，可以减少从脊髓持续上升至人脑高级区外的呕吐频谱。

这种畸变涉及到了诱发的衍生物，这种物质产生自人脑，在缓解呕吐的更进一步里面扮演着最重要主人公。研究课题人员让举例来说分别完成一个比较简单或者一个较易的记忆性目标，需他们记住信件的文字内容，同时给举例来说腿上施以加热。顺利进行较易目标的举例来说越来越心烦意乱时，他们亦会感觉到较小的呕吐，通过fMRI新科技再现出这些举例来说的脊髓区外活性越来越比较低，fMRI往往是用来测定人脑活性的偏离。

Sprenger和他的同事然后重复了实验者，这次他们给予举例来说一种抗生素-钠洛酮（抗休克的理想抗生素，可以阻拦类抗生素的畸变）或者都是的湾里注入，%-，相比只注入都是湾里的举例来说，运用于类抗生素拮抗剂的举例来说由于注意力分散，引发的呕吐大大降低减少了40%，因此表明诱发的扮演着最重要抑制作用。

学者的发现揭示了心理更进一步可以深入地偏离人们的呕吐经历，并且对于临床也有极其最重要的意义。学者回应，我们的研究课题发现给呕吐营养不良化疗提供了认知不道德化疗的方法。（生物谷：T.Shen编译）

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.04.006PMC:PMID:

Attention Modulates Spinal Cord Responses to Pain

Christian Sprenger1, , , Falk Eippert1, Jürgen Finsterbusch1, Ulrike Bingel1, 2, Michael Rose1, Christian Büchel1

Reduced pain perception while being distracted from pain is an everyday example of how cognitive processes can interfere with pain perception [ [1], [2], [3], [4] and [5]]. Previous neuroimaging studies showed distraction-related modulations of pain-driven activations in various cortical and subcortical brain regions [ [6], [7], [8], [9], [10] and [11]], but the precise neuronal mechanism underlying this phenomenon is unclear. Using high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging of the human cervical spinal cord in combination with thermal pain stimulation and a well-established working memory task [12], we demonstrate that this phenomenon relies on an inhibition of incoming pain signals in the spinal cord. Neuronal responses to painful stimulation in the dorsal horn of the corresponding spinal segment were significantly reduced under high working memory load compared to low working memory load. At the individual level, reductions of neuronal responses in the spinal cord predicted behioral pain reductions. In a subsequent behioral experiment, using the opioid antagonist naloxone in a double-blind crossover design with the same paradigm, we demonstrate a substantial contribution of endogenous opioids to this mechanism. Taken together, our results show that the reduced pain experience during mental distraction is related to a spinal process and involves opioid neurotransmission.